Showing results by author "Kelly Mass" in All Categories

The Vatican is a landlocked independent city state and enclave in Rome, Italy. The Vatican City State, also called the Vatican, acquired independence from Italy in the year 1929 with the Lateran Treaty, and it is a different terrain under the Holy See's "full ownership, special rule, and sovereign authority and jurisdiction", which makes sure the city state's temporal, diplomatic, and spiritual independence. This is one of the world’s most unique states/countries, something that is definitely worth understanding.

The Pawnee are a Central Plains Indian people that used to live in Nebraska and Kansas, yet now call Oklahoma home. They are now called the Pawnee Country of Oklahoma, and their head offices are at Pawnee, Oklahoma. The Pawnee language belongs to the Caddoan family, and they're called Chatiks si chatiks, or "men of men". The Pawnee used to live in earth lodge towns near the Loup and South Platte rivers. Throughout the year, the Pawnee people's economy switched between producing crops and buffalo searching. Learn more about this tribe through this short book.

The federal government of the UK, Great Britain, and Ireland segmented Ireland into two independent polities: Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland. The Government of Ireland Act 1920 was handed down on May 3, 1921. Both parts were to stay inside the UK, and the act included arrangements for supreme reunification. Northern Ireland was established with a devolved federal government and stayed a part of the UK. The area of Southern Ireland withdrew from the UK and ended up being the Irish Free State, which is today the Republic of Ireland, following the Anglo-Irish Treaty.

This valuable deal contains multiple titles in one book. The topics are the following: Florence, once a major center of Middle Ages European trade and banking, and one of the most affluent cities in the world; Naples, one of the world's oldest constantly occupied cities; St. Catherine of Siena, a Dominican laywoman, mystic, activist, and writer who impacted Italian literature and the Catholic Church significantly; the Vatican, a landlocked, independent city-state and enclave in Rome, Italy; and the Venetian Empire.

Even before World War II, there was a genocide. We are talking about the Armenian deportations that killed between one and two million innocent civilians, an atrocity the Turkish government still doesn’t fully acknowledge. At the time of World War I, the Armenian genocide led to the organized death of around one million ethnic Armenians. The Ottoman Empire was collapsing, and in a cruel act of desperation and vengeance, they decided to take out their empirical frustrations on the Armenians. It became one of the ugliest faces of the First World War in history.

Mao Zedong has had a tremendous impact on the Chinese nation. During his Great Leap Forward, he was responsible for more deaths than both Hitler and Stalin, making him the biggest mass murderer in history. Mao Zedong, typically called Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who functioned as the starting dad of Peoples's Republic of China (PRC), judgment as the chairman of the Chinese Communist Party from 1949 till his death in 1976. Maoism is a Marxist-Leninist dogma that includes his theories, army operations, and political programs.

The Byzantine Empire has often been overlooked. Yet, this vast empire lasted for hundreds of years, and has had a major impact on world religions and politics, even into the past century. The Byzantine Empire was heavily influenced by the Romans, and Christian culture. Several centuries A.D., it was marked by conquests, emperors, rules, orthodoxy, and the giant capital of Constantinople (which is now Istanbul). They fought the Huns, and many other peoples, to maintain their lands and territories.

You may have heard of Lourdes, a town in France where millions of people go every year, either as a tourist to take pictures or see what the hype is all about, or real believers who think that the town has a sanctity to it and can somehow cure them, help them, or inspire them through divine means. Whatever the reason for the many visitors is, it is undeniably an interesting historical heritage site, something worth exploring.

The Ottoman Empire was so big, and lasted for so long, yet, it is one of those empires that many common people have forgotten about. In the 20th century, World War I destroyed much of what was left of the empire, and the Turkish state and culture was being established shortly after that. In this comprehensive guide to understanding more about historical events, you will learn more about the sultans, and citizens of the Ottoman Empire - their drive, their background, and their accomplishments throughout the centuries.

Yes! You’ve come across a combo of three titles, all about different topics related to the history of India. Take a look at these topics and then decide for yourself. I’m sure this is something you could be intrigued by. Title one discusses Kashmir, India's northernmost geographical area. It is quite different from the rest of India. Title two is about the Maurya Empire, an Iron Age empire centered in Magadha, created in the year 322 BC. Finally, title three is about Punjab, a geopolitical, cultural, and historic area in South Asia, incorporating parts of Pakistan and India.

The Kashmir area was a crucial center of Hinduism and later Buddhism in the first centuries, while Kashmir Shaivism developed later, in the ninth century. This is why so many people attribute significant spiritual meaning to the area. It is no wonder, therefore, that some travelers go to this specific area for spiritual purposes. In this book, we will explore the history of Kashmir, its significance, and the current circumstances.

This is a combo of 16 topics, and unique artists, composers, writers, and actors, compiled into a comprehensive biography guide. Listen to the struggles, the background, the poverty and wealth, and genius brains from the16th to the 20th century - all of which have brought certain insights, and understandings in artistic, literature, musical, or dramatic movements, to the next level. You will understand the motivation and circumstances of these great artists better. It will help you rethink your own life, your own legacy, and your plans for the future.

Many people have had the pleasure to listen to Mozart’s music. His legacy has lived on for more than two centuries. And although he only lived to be 35 years old, he has had a major impact on the classical music genre. From simple rebel to sheer genius, this intelligent composer has shown the world that despite all the odds, masterpieces and pure art can become a reality.

Most people have heard of Ludwig von Beethoven, one of the most famous composers of all time. His music had a certain aggression, passion, and beauty to it that still brings admirers to tears, more than 200 years later. His symphonies came from his creativity, the circumstances, and the trends in that time period in Germany and Austria. There is much to say about the historical context, the deep experiences, and the studies that Beethoven encountered during his life.

Less than a decade after the Second World War, the Cuban revolution happened. It went on and off, irregularly causing riots and rebel actions, as well as tyrannical government suppression, and it all lingered on during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States. What was it that typified the Cuban Revolution? Who were the players and what did they do? Which battles were most significant? And last but not least, what was the final result it all led to in the end? These and many other questions will be answered in this comprehensive guide.

Undoubtedly, Napoleon, the French revolutionist and emperor, has left his mark on European history. His vast empire stretched all over the continent, and his unique image and posture have been emulated by many. In this comprehensive guide, we will take a look at some of the greatest achievements of Napoleon Bonaparte, as well as his virtues and vices, personal background, politics, exile, and death. You will gain a greater comprehension of his motives, the problems he faced, and how he solved said problems in his own way.

Jane Austen is well-known for some famous books, among them the popular “Pride and Prejudice.” As an author in the early 1800s, many people may envision pretty dresses and fancy demeanor, but the reality of her life included some hardships that may not be so obvious by reading her novels. In this comprehensive guide, we shed more light on her situation, her road to success, her family life, and the trials she faced in a time when the culture was very different. Let’s slide back the curtain, and reveal the making of a talented, now-famous author!

Charles Dickens is often remembered for his novel, A Christmas Carol. And even though it is a very interesting novel, it wasn’t even his favorite! Charles Dickens had a fascinating life, in an entirely different era and age in world history. To understand what and why he wrote what he did, it will be useful to see his works in the light of his marriage, his financial hardships, his success, his children, his traumas, and his goals. Become acquainted with this genius writer and his true drive that led him to who he became to be.

When you think of the Aztecs, you might think of certain movies you have seen or what you've been taught in history class. And although some of those images and descriptions fit the main narrative, there is still much left to be discovered. The Inca empire was vast and massive. Infamous among the historical stories from the Spanish invaders are the evidence of human sacrifice and their polytheistic views on nature and life. Other aspects of the Inca empire constitute of the role women, children, and merchants played, and their extensive system of roads, networks, and travel points.

When we think of the Renaissance, we often think of paintings. And indeed, many painters and sculptors were part of the artistic transformation the Renaissance caused. But there was more. The Renaissance basically formed a period of collective enlightenment and freedoms that put an end to certain tyrannies and false notions from the Middle Ages. Advocates of a "long Renaissance" might put its start in the 14th century and its end in the 17th century. Let’s take a look at what the extensive time period of the Renaissance provided, and what it leaves us with today.