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情報を正しく選択するための認知バイアス事典 行動経済学・統計学・情報学 編
- Narrated by: 岡野 浩介
- Length: 9 hrs and 3 mins
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Publisher's summary
本タイトルには付属資料・PDFが用意されています。ご購入後、PCサイトのライブラリー、またはアプリ上の「目次」からご確認ください。
■「行動経済学」「統計学」「情報学」の3つの研究分野からアプローチ。
合計60の認知バイアスを解説します。
なぜか人間に実装されている脳のバグとも言うべき「認知バイアス」。
本書では、「行動経済学」「統計学」「情報学」の3つの研究分野からアプローチし、
計60の認知バイアスを豊富な図版とイラストを用いて解説します。
「認知バイアス」という言葉自体、難しく感じるかもしれませんが、
実は以下のような場面において私たちの日常へ小さくない影響を与えています。
●合理的に決断していたのに、期待とは逆の結果になってしまう。
●いつもなら絶対にしないようなギャンブルに魅力を感じてしまう。
●ついつい無駄遣いをしてしまい、なかなか貯蓄できない。
●上司のちゃぶ台返しに右往左往させられている。
個人のことだけではありません。
カルト・陰謀論・詐欺・差別・分断・誹謗中傷……などの諸問題、そして世の中のわけのわからない判断やミスリードは、
本書に記されている60のバイアスのどれか、あるいはその組み合わせによって生まれていると言っても過言ではありません。
認知バイアス対策は、まずはどんな認知バイアスがあるかを知ること。
その手助けをするのが本書の役割です。
■思っているほど、あなたは賢くないし、あなた以外は愚かじゃない。
本書で解説されているいくつかの認知バイアスによると、人は自分の能力を過大評価し、
他人の評価を過小評価する傾向が強いことがわかっています。
つまり、「自分は騙されない」「正しく世の中を見ている」と自信がある人は、
自分が騙されたり、間違っている可能性があることに、もっと自覚的になるべきということです。
一方、「マスゴミの偏向報道に騙されるな」「子どもの教育に良くない」と心配するまでもなく、
ほとんどの人は理性的に情報を受け取っていると考えられます。
今、こうした前提を顧みない独善的な言説が目立っていないでしょうか。
社会を正しく見るためにも、私たちは自分や他人へはもちろん、
情報や知に対する謙虚さを取り戻すべきなのでしょう。
そのことを、きっと本書の60の認知バイアスが私たちに教えてくれます。
■目次
監修者まえがき ―「認知バイアス」を理解して「騙し」に打ち勝つ!
・第Ⅰ部 認知バイアスへの行動経済学的アプローチ
01 アンカリング/02 サンクコストの誤謬/03 メンタルアカウンティング/04 自信過剰/
05 ピア効果/06 後知恵バイアス/07 現在バイアス/08 損失回避性/
など
・第Ⅱ部 認知バイアスへの統計学的アプローチ
01 平均による誤謬/02 アンスコムの数値例/03 棒グラフの誤用/04 折れ線グラフの誤用/
05 3Dグラフの誤用/06 絵グラフの誤用/07 標本の偏り/08 自己選択バイアス/
09 健康労働者効果/
など
第Ⅲ部 認知バイアスへの情報学的アプローチ
01 利用可能性ヒューリスティック/02 生存者バイアス/03 限定合理性/04 ウーズル効果/
05 グーグル効果/06 第三者効果/07 敵対的メディア認知/08 意地悪世界症候群/
09 どこでも効果/
など"
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