This 2021 episode covers William Montague Cobb, who was the first Black person in the U.S. to earn a PhD in physical anthropology. He was also an activist and an anatomy professor at Howard University.

See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Tracy discusses the inherent challenge of talking about topics that relate to current events. She also shares more information about Emma Reynolds that didn't really fit into the Dr. Daniel Hale Williams episode.

See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Dr. Daniel Hale Williams is often described as the first person to successfully perform an open-heart surgery. That's not entirely accurate, but he was still a surgical innovator, and he was also a huge part of the Black Hospital Movement.

Research:

• "Daniel Hale Williams." Contemporary Black Biography, vol. 2, Gale, 1992. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1606000260/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=c4ae7664. Accessed 28 Jan. 2025.
• "Daniel Hale Williams." Notable Black American Men, Book II, edited by Jessie Carney Smith, Gale, 1998. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/K1622000479/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=80e75e7e. Accessed 28 Jan. 2025.
• Buckler, Helen. “Doctor Dan: Pioneer in American Surgery.” Little, Brown and Company. 1954.
• Cobb, W M. “Daniel Hale Williams-Pioneer and Innovator.” Journal of the National Medical Association vol. 36,5 (1944): 158-9.
• COBB, W M. “Dr. Daniel Hale Williams.” Journal of the National Medical Association vol. 45,5 (1953): 379-85.
• Cook County Health. “Celebrating 30 Years: Provident Hospital of Cook County.” https://cookcountyhealth.org/provident-hospital-30th-anniversary/
• Gamble, Vanessa Northington. “Making a place for ourselves : the Black hospital movement, 1920-1945.” New York : Oxford University Press. 1995.
• Gamble, Vanessa Northington. “The Provident Hospital Project: An Experiment in Race Relations and Medical Education.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine, WINTER 1991. Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44442639
• Gordon, Ralph C. “Daniel Hale Williams: Pioneer Black Surgeon and Educator.” Journal of Investigative Surgery, 18:105–106, 2005. DOI: 10.1080/08941930590956084
• Hughes, Langston. “Famous American Negroes.” Dodd Mead. 1954.
• Jackson State University. “Who Was Dr. Daniel Hale Williams?” https://www.jsums.edu/gtec/dr-daniel-hale-williams/
• Jefferson, Alisha J. and Tamra S. McKenzie. “Daniel Hale Williams, MD: ‘A Moses in the profession.’” American College of Surgeons CC2017 Poster Competition. 2017.
• Office of the Illinois Secretary of State. “51. Dr. Daniel Hale Williams Letter to Governor Joseph Fifer (1889).” 100 Most Valuable Documents at the Illinois State Archives. https://www.ilsos.gov/departments/archives/online_exhibits/100_documents/1889-williams-letter-gov.html
• Olivier, Albert F. “In Proper Perspective: Daniel Hale Williams, M.D.” Annals of Thoracic Surgery. Volume 37, Issue 1p96-97 January 1984. https://www.annalsthoracicsurgery.org/article/S0003-4975(10)60721-7/fulltext
• Raman, Jai. “Access to the Heart – Evolution of surgical techniques.” Global Surgery. Vol. 1, No. 2. doi: 10.15761/GOS.1000112
• Rock County, Wisconsin. “Dr. Daniel Hale Williams.” https://legacy.co.rock.wi.us/daniel-hale-williams
• Summerville, James. “Educating Black doctors : a history of Meharry Medical College.” University of Alabama Press. https://archive.org/details/educatingblackdo0000summ/
• The Provident Foundation. “History- Dr. Daniel Hale Williams.” https://provfound.org/index.php/history/history-dr-daniel-hale-williams
• “Early Chicago: Hospital of Hope.” DuSable to Obama: Chicago’s Black Metropolis. https://www.wttw.com/dusable-to-obama/provident-hospital

See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.