One Way to Write A Novel: Second Edition
Failed to add items
Add to Cart failed.
Add to Wish List failed.
Remove from wishlist failed.
Adding to library failed
Follow podcast failed
Unfollow podcast failed
Get 2 free audiobooks during trial.
Buy for $14.95
No default payment method selected.
We are sorry. We are not allowed to sell this product with the selected payment method
-
Narrated by:
-
Christy Lynn
-
By:
-
Vicki Hinze
About this listen
"The important thing," says the multi-published author, mentor and writing instructor, Vicki Hinze, "is to love what you're doing."
There is no right or wrong way to write a novel, but Hinze shows you one way - her way - which has helped her write and publish award-winning, bestselling novels, time after time. In this book, she opens her personal toolbox of methods and guides that youcan alter to fit your own process to get your novel started, written, tested, and submitted.
One Way to Write a Novel explains Hinze's techniques for creating memorable characters, plotting, using plot boards, testing ideas, avoiding common errors that net rejections, building a novel notebook, formatting manuscripts, writing effective dialogue, pacing, testing novel focus and much, much more--all in a fun and organized way.
As Hinze says, "Your writing is time from your life and because it is, it should be the time of your life!"
Hinze has over 1.2 million books in print, is active on social networking (FB: vicki.hinze.author) and has served as VP in International Thriller Writers, and member in Mystery Writers of America, Romance Writers of America, Authors Guild and other organizations.
©2006, 2012 Vicki Hinze (P)2012 Vicki HinzeListeners also enjoyed...
-
How to Write a Paragraph Using Study Skills
- 5 Simple Steps to Writing Powerful Paragraphs
- By: Stephanie Reeves
- Narrated by: Melissa Costea
- Length: 4 hrs and 34 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Do you struggle to get your student to engage in writing tasks? Are you starting to dread the white page on your laptop screen? Faced with an assignment or inspired to write a novel but don’t know where to start? In How to Write a Paragraph Using Study Skills, you will be guided through the transformative process of becoming a confident writer. This audiobook offers practical exercises and guidelines for writing powerful paragraphs using transferable study skills, habits, and routines.
-
-
Very Effective
- By Matthew Warren on 05-31-22
By: Stephanie Reeves
-
One Word at a Time
- How to Write a Fiction Book for Beginners: How to Write, Book 1
- By: Lauren Bingham
- Narrated by: Lynnda Nelson
- Length: 3 hrs and 27 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Who doesn’t love a good story? It has been said that within each of us are endless tales to tell, and many of us are eager to let those stories out into the world. Whether the pen touches the paper or the fingers press the computer keys, there’s something vividly romantic about the act of writing stories. But how, exactly, does one start a fiction piece? Do you just sit there and type while the muses whisper sweet nothings in your ear? Author Lauren Bingham is here to provide tips on how to write fiction for folks who are timid, terrified, or somewhere in between.
-
-
Favorite author for how to
- By T on 06-06-22
By: Lauren Bingham
-
Outlining Your Novel
- Map Your Way to Success
- By: K. M. Weiland
- Narrated by: Sonja Field
- Length: 4 hrs and 25 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Let outlines help you write a better book! Writers often look upon outlines with fear and trembling. But when properly understood and correctly wielded, the outline is one of the most powerful weapons in a writer's arsenal.
-
-
Doesn't explain how to outline
- By Nothing really matters on 01-28-16
By: K. M. Weiland
-
The Secrets to Outlining Your Novel
- How to Clearly Organize Your Story Ideas into an Epic Book You Can Write and Publish
- By: John S. Warner
- Narrated by: Angus Freathy
- Length: 3 hrs and 22 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
How many times have you gone through something and said “I could write a book about this!”? Now is the time to stop doubting and start planning! Just as every great meal starts with a recipe, every epic novel starts with an epic outline. But is an outline really necessary? Can’t you just wing it? Isn’t all that time on an outline better spent on actually writing? And doesn’t an outline just pour water on that spark of creativity? That’s what you may have heard…until now! Writing is like The Hare and the Tortoise. Slow and steady will always beat quick and careless.
-
-
Love this!!
- By Korbin Marquez on 06-12-23
By: John S. Warner
-
Stein on Writing
- A Master Editor Shares His Craft, Techniques, and Strategies
- By: Sol Stein
- Narrated by: Christopher Lane
- Length: 11 hrs and 17 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Stein on Writing provides immediately useful advice for writers of fiction and nonfiction, whether newcomers or accomplished professionals. As Sol Stein, renowned editor, author, and instructor, explains, "This is not a book of theory. It is a book of usable solutions, how to fix writing that is flawed, how to improve writing that is good, how to create interesting writing in the first place."
-
-
Excellent advice and examples for better writing.
- By Jane on 06-22-12
By: Sol Stein
-
Romance Your Brand
- Building a Marketable Genre Fiction Series
- By: Zoe York
- Narrated by: Zoe York
- Length: 2 hrs and 14 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
For the first time ever in print, Zoe York breaks down how she plans a series - something she has done 10 times over. Romance Your Brand is an adaptation of an intensive four-week course, now available to authors everywhere.
-
-
Excellent Resource on Aligning Your Brand & Series
- By Elyce de Reefe on 12-16-21
By: Zoe York
-
How to Write a Paragraph Using Study Skills
- 5 Simple Steps to Writing Powerful Paragraphs
- By: Stephanie Reeves
- Narrated by: Melissa Costea
- Length: 4 hrs and 34 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Do you struggle to get your student to engage in writing tasks? Are you starting to dread the white page on your laptop screen? Faced with an assignment or inspired to write a novel but don’t know where to start? In How to Write a Paragraph Using Study Skills, you will be guided through the transformative process of becoming a confident writer. This audiobook offers practical exercises and guidelines for writing powerful paragraphs using transferable study skills, habits, and routines.
-
-
Very Effective
- By Matthew Warren on 05-31-22
By: Stephanie Reeves
-
One Word at a Time
- How to Write a Fiction Book for Beginners: How to Write, Book 1
- By: Lauren Bingham
- Narrated by: Lynnda Nelson
- Length: 3 hrs and 27 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Who doesn’t love a good story? It has been said that within each of us are endless tales to tell, and many of us are eager to let those stories out into the world. Whether the pen touches the paper or the fingers press the computer keys, there’s something vividly romantic about the act of writing stories. But how, exactly, does one start a fiction piece? Do you just sit there and type while the muses whisper sweet nothings in your ear? Author Lauren Bingham is here to provide tips on how to write fiction for folks who are timid, terrified, or somewhere in between.
-
-
Favorite author for how to
- By T on 06-06-22
By: Lauren Bingham
-
Outlining Your Novel
- Map Your Way to Success
- By: K. M. Weiland
- Narrated by: Sonja Field
- Length: 4 hrs and 25 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Let outlines help you write a better book! Writers often look upon outlines with fear and trembling. But when properly understood and correctly wielded, the outline is one of the most powerful weapons in a writer's arsenal.
-
-
Doesn't explain how to outline
- By Nothing really matters on 01-28-16
By: K. M. Weiland
-
The Secrets to Outlining Your Novel
- How to Clearly Organize Your Story Ideas into an Epic Book You Can Write and Publish
- By: John S. Warner
- Narrated by: Angus Freathy
- Length: 3 hrs and 22 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
How many times have you gone through something and said “I could write a book about this!”? Now is the time to stop doubting and start planning! Just as every great meal starts with a recipe, every epic novel starts with an epic outline. But is an outline really necessary? Can’t you just wing it? Isn’t all that time on an outline better spent on actually writing? And doesn’t an outline just pour water on that spark of creativity? That’s what you may have heard…until now! Writing is like The Hare and the Tortoise. Slow and steady will always beat quick and careless.
-
-
Love this!!
- By Korbin Marquez on 06-12-23
By: John S. Warner
-
Stein on Writing
- A Master Editor Shares His Craft, Techniques, and Strategies
- By: Sol Stein
- Narrated by: Christopher Lane
- Length: 11 hrs and 17 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Stein on Writing provides immediately useful advice for writers of fiction and nonfiction, whether newcomers or accomplished professionals. As Sol Stein, renowned editor, author, and instructor, explains, "This is not a book of theory. It is a book of usable solutions, how to fix writing that is flawed, how to improve writing that is good, how to create interesting writing in the first place."
-
-
Excellent advice and examples for better writing.
- By Jane on 06-22-12
By: Sol Stein
-
Romance Your Brand
- Building a Marketable Genre Fiction Series
- By: Zoe York
- Narrated by: Zoe York
- Length: 2 hrs and 14 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
For the first time ever in print, Zoe York breaks down how she plans a series - something she has done 10 times over. Romance Your Brand is an adaptation of an intensive four-week course, now available to authors everywhere.
-
-
Excellent Resource on Aligning Your Brand & Series
- By Elyce de Reefe on 12-16-21
By: Zoe York
-
Accidental Genius
- Using Writing to Generate Your Best Ideas, Insight and Content
- By: Mark Levy
- Narrated by: Bronson Pinchot
- Length: 4 hrs and 27 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
When it comes to creating ideas, we hold ourselves back. Thats because inside each of us is an internal editor whose job is to forever polish our thoughts, so we sound smart and in control, and so that we fit into society. But what happens when we encounter problems for which such conventional thinking fails us? How do we get unstuck? For Mark Levy, the answer is freewriting....
-
-
Great Ideas
- By Amazon Customer on 12-31-10
By: Mark Levy
-
How Do I Become an Author
- The Advanced Guide to Discover the Different Techniques of Writing
- By: Robert Flemingson
- Narrated by: Blake Williams
- Length: 3 hrs and 16 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Creative writing is any writing that goes beyond the boundaries of ordinary formal, journalistic, scholarly, or technological types of literature, usually characterized by the emphasis on narrative art, character development, and the use of literary conventions, or the different traditions of prose and poetry. Due to the lack of definition, writing such as feature stories can be considered as creative writing, even though they fall under journalism, because the content of the features focuses specifically on narrative and character development.
-
-
A must listen for any aspiring author!
- By Jeannette Compton on 03-02-20
-
Sometimes the Magic Works
- Lessons from a Writing Life
- By: Terry Brooks
- Narrated by: Dan Woren, Kimberly Farr
- Length: 4 hrs and 33 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
In Sometimes the Magic Works, New York Times best-selling author Terry Brooks shares his secrets for creating unusual, memorable fiction. Spanning topics from the importance of daydreaming to the necessity of writing an outline, from the fine art of showing instead of merely telling to creating believable characters who make readers care what happens to them, Brooks draws upon his own experiences, hard lessons learned, and delightful discoveries made.
-
-
meh...
- By Ben J. on 01-17-23
By: Terry Brooks
-
Just Write!
- A Calming, Realistic, and Optimistic Approach to Writing Your First Book
- By: Lauren Bingham
- Narrated by: Lynnda Nelson
- Length: 7 hrs and 7 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Whether you simply want to jot down family folklore to share with future generations or wish to try your hand at writing a best-selling novel, Just Write! provides gentle yet realistic guidance for those who want to write their first book. With her humorous—yet realistic—explanations of the writing process, Lauren Bingham is here to help you make your first book become a reality. You’ll receive the encouragement you’ve been craving, as well as the empathy a new writer needs.
-
-
Amazing Listen
- By Giana on 07-19-22
By: Lauren Bingham
-
The Secrets of Story
- Innovative Tools for Perfecting Your Fiction and Captivating Readers
- By: Matt Bird
- Narrated by: Eric Michael Summerer
- Length: 12 hrs and 2 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
The Secrets of Story is a revolutionary and comprehensive writing guide for the 21st century, focused on clever ways to get an audience to fully identify with an all-too-human hero. Authors will learn to how to cut through pop culture noise and win over a jaded modern audience by rediscovering the heart of writing: shaping stories that ring true to our shared understanding of human nature.
-
-
Good Story Impossible? 'Au Contraire'!
- By Gillian on 05-26-17
By: Matt Bird
-
Structuring Your Novel
- Essential Keys for Writing an Outstanding Story
- By: K. M. Weiland
- Narrated by: Sonja Field
- Length: 6 hrs and 16 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Why do some stories work and others don't? The answer is structure. In this IPPY and NIEA Award-winning guide from the author of the bestselling Outlining Your Novel, you will discover the universal underpinnings that guarantee powerful plot and character arcs. An understanding of proper story and scene structure will help you to not only perfectly time your story's major events, but will also provide you with an unerring standard to use in evaluating your novel's pacing and progression.
-
-
An Outstanding Resource for Writers
- By Richard Phillips (Bestselling Author of The Rho Agenda) on 02-01-15
By: K. M. Weiland
-
Stop Screwing Around and Write a Screenplay that Sells
- Your Step-By-Step Guide to Writing a Script That Gets Produced
- By: Robert L. Mccullough
- Narrated by: Robert L. McCullough
- Length: 1 hr and 4 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
If you're serious about your screenwriting, then you're serious about seeing your scripts produced. This book cuts to the chase with the point-by-point essentials behind every successful screenplay and shows you how to demonstrate the professional expertise that will get your scripts noticed. It's a quick, concise listen that gets to the bottom line with a no-nonsense approach to put your writing on a level with Hollywood's working professional screenwriters. Making movies is a complex matter so difficult that very few atempt it.
-
-
Short and to the point.
- By Abby LaVal Clark on 05-23-20
-
How to Write a Book
- A Book for Anyone Who Has Never Written a Book (But Wants To)
- By: Lauren Bingham
- Narrated by: Lynnda Nelson
- Length: 3 hrs and 39 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Whether you’re a born storyteller or need a little assistance from spellcheck and the thesaurus, Lauren Bingham is here to help you make it the “write time” to make your author’s dreams a reality. How to Write a Book: A Book for Anyone Who Has Never Written a Book (But Wants To) is filled with insight into what makes writers tick and how to bring the passion out on paper.
-
-
Ready to write
- By Darryl Varnum on 12-15-21
By: Lauren Bingham
-
The Secrets to Creating Character Arcs
- A Fiction Writer's Guide to Masterful Character Creation (Growing Authors Out of Writers)
- By: John S. Warner
- Narrated by: Angus Freathy
- Length: 3 hrs and 36 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
When you think of unforgettable characters from books you’ve read, who comes to mind? James Bond, Harry Potter, Scarlett O’Hara, Elizabeth Bennett, Atticus Finch, Sherlock Holmes? These are just some of the most iconic characters in fiction. They are so memorable that even decades or centuries later, they still captivate our imagination. But what exactly is it about them that keeps generations so invested in them? Writers apply certain rules and tricks with their characters to make their stories shine. With this guide, you’ll find out exactly what they are.
-
-
Great foundations
- By JB9K on 07-18-24
By: John S. Warner
-
How to Write Your First Novel: The Stress-Free Guide to Writing Fiction for Beginners
- Author Level Up, Book 1
- By: M.L. Ronn
- Narrated by: John Freyer
- Length: 3 hrs and 22 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Learning how to write your first novel can be overwhelming. You have to master outlining, writing, revising, and so much more...and it can be scary if you've never done it before. While it seems daunting, writing your first novel is simple when you have someone experienced to help you through it. In this writer’s guide, prolific writer M.L. Ronn shares an easy step-by-step process of writing compelling fiction that he's perfected after writing over 40 books.
-
-
Not Recommended
- By Dragon'sDen (el Jefe) on 06-06-19
By: M.L. Ronn
-
The Creative Compass
- Writing Your Way from Inspiration to Publication
- By: Dan Millman, Sierra Prasada
- Narrated by: Dan Millman, Sierra Prasada
- Length: 6 hrs and 46 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
A guide should give clear directions and then get out of your way. In this unique collaboration that bridges two generations, best-selling author Dan Millman and his co-author (and daughter) Sierra Prasada help orient you as you make your own way through five universal stages of creativity: Dream, Draft, Develop, Refine, and Share.
-
-
Let your journey as a writer begin!
- By Mikey on 06-16-14
By: Dan Millman, and others
-
A Short Course In Creative Writing
- A compilation of lessons
- By: Ruby Allure
- Narrated by: Erin B. Lillis
- Length: 1 hr and 59 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
A Short Course In Creative Writing encompasses all the aspects that need to be considered when writing a creative writing piece. The lessons were originally written for regular evening classes; however, even though the students had hand-outs, they requested a digital book to reference with everything that they were taught.
-
-
Fantastic Beginner Or Refresher 4 Creative Writers
- By DK on 08-28-15
By: Ruby Allure
Related to this topic
-
Accidental Genius
- Using Writing to Generate Your Best Ideas, Insight and Content
- By: Mark Levy
- Narrated by: Bronson Pinchot
- Length: 4 hrs and 27 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
When it comes to creating ideas, we hold ourselves back. Thats because inside each of us is an internal editor whose job is to forever polish our thoughts, so we sound smart and in control, and so that we fit into society. But what happens when we encounter problems for which such conventional thinking fails us? How do we get unstuck? For Mark Levy, the answer is freewriting....
-
-
Great Ideas
- By Amazon Customer on 12-31-10
By: Mark Levy
-
How to Write Short
- Word Craft for Fast Times
- By: Roy Peter Clark
- Narrated by: Roy Peter Clark
- Length: 5 hrs and 20 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
In How to Write Short , Roy Peter Clark turns his attention to the art of painting a thousand pictures with just a few words. Short forms of writing have always existed - from ship logs and telegrams to prayers and haikus. But in this ever-changing Internet age, short-form writing has become an essential skill. Clark covers how to write effective and powerful titles, headlines, essays, sales pitches, Tweets, letters, and even self-descriptions for online dating services.
-
-
Ironically long
- By Amazon Customer on 03-14-16
By: Roy Peter Clark
-
The Book You Were Born to Write
- Everything You Need to (Finally) Get Your Wisdom onto the Page and into the World
- By: Kelly Notaras
- Narrated by: Kelly Notaras
- Length: 7 hrs and 40 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
A guide to writing a full-length transformational nonfiction book, from an editor with two decades' experience working with authors from all walks of life.
-
-
Both Funny and Informative
- By Emily C. Maher on 02-15-21
By: Kelly Notaras
-
The Art of Nonfiction
- By: Ayn Rand
- Narrated by: Marguerite Gavin
- Length: 6 hrs and 52 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Rand takes listeners step by step through the writing process, providing insightful observations and invaluable techniques along the way. She discusses the psychological aspects of writing and the roles played by the conscious and subconscious mind. She talks about articles and books, explaining how to select a subject and theme, how to identify your audience, and how to write the first draft.
-
-
Great Content, but the narrator is annoying
- By Ms on 01-26-09
By: Ayn Rand
-
The Art of Fiction
- By: Ayn Rand
- Narrated by: Marguerite Gavin
- Length: 6 hrs and 50 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Ayn Rand discusses how a writer combines abstract ideas with concrete action and description to achieve a unity of theme, plot, characterization, and style, the four essential elements of fiction. Here, too, are Rand's illuminating analyses of passages from famous writers, rewrites of scenes from her own works, and fascinating rules for building dramatic plots and characters with depth.
-
-
Get Stein on Writing
- By Lois on 12-04-09
By: Ayn Rand
-
Save the Cat!
- The Last Book on Screenwriting You'll Ever Need
- By: Blake Snyder
- Narrated by: George Newbern
- Length: 5 hrs and 22 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Here's what started the phenomenon: This book has been a best seller for over 15 years and has been used by screenwriters around the world! Blake Snyder tells all in this fast, funny, and candid look inside the movie business. Save the Cat is just one of many ironclad rules for making your ideas more marketable and your script more satisfying.
-
-
Don't waste your time
- By Amazon Customer on 02-05-20
By: Blake Snyder
-
Accidental Genius
- Using Writing to Generate Your Best Ideas, Insight and Content
- By: Mark Levy
- Narrated by: Bronson Pinchot
- Length: 4 hrs and 27 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
When it comes to creating ideas, we hold ourselves back. Thats because inside each of us is an internal editor whose job is to forever polish our thoughts, so we sound smart and in control, and so that we fit into society. But what happens when we encounter problems for which such conventional thinking fails us? How do we get unstuck? For Mark Levy, the answer is freewriting....
-
-
Great Ideas
- By Amazon Customer on 12-31-10
By: Mark Levy
-
How to Write Short
- Word Craft for Fast Times
- By: Roy Peter Clark
- Narrated by: Roy Peter Clark
- Length: 5 hrs and 20 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
In How to Write Short , Roy Peter Clark turns his attention to the art of painting a thousand pictures with just a few words. Short forms of writing have always existed - from ship logs and telegrams to prayers and haikus. But in this ever-changing Internet age, short-form writing has become an essential skill. Clark covers how to write effective and powerful titles, headlines, essays, sales pitches, Tweets, letters, and even self-descriptions for online dating services.
-
-
Ironically long
- By Amazon Customer on 03-14-16
By: Roy Peter Clark
-
The Book You Were Born to Write
- Everything You Need to (Finally) Get Your Wisdom onto the Page and into the World
- By: Kelly Notaras
- Narrated by: Kelly Notaras
- Length: 7 hrs and 40 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
A guide to writing a full-length transformational nonfiction book, from an editor with two decades' experience working with authors from all walks of life.
-
-
Both Funny and Informative
- By Emily C. Maher on 02-15-21
By: Kelly Notaras
-
The Art of Nonfiction
- By: Ayn Rand
- Narrated by: Marguerite Gavin
- Length: 6 hrs and 52 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Rand takes listeners step by step through the writing process, providing insightful observations and invaluable techniques along the way. She discusses the psychological aspects of writing and the roles played by the conscious and subconscious mind. She talks about articles and books, explaining how to select a subject and theme, how to identify your audience, and how to write the first draft.
-
-
Great Content, but the narrator is annoying
- By Ms on 01-26-09
By: Ayn Rand
-
The Art of Fiction
- By: Ayn Rand
- Narrated by: Marguerite Gavin
- Length: 6 hrs and 50 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Ayn Rand discusses how a writer combines abstract ideas with concrete action and description to achieve a unity of theme, plot, characterization, and style, the four essential elements of fiction. Here, too, are Rand's illuminating analyses of passages from famous writers, rewrites of scenes from her own works, and fascinating rules for building dramatic plots and characters with depth.
-
-
Get Stein on Writing
- By Lois on 12-04-09
By: Ayn Rand
-
Save the Cat!
- The Last Book on Screenwriting You'll Ever Need
- By: Blake Snyder
- Narrated by: George Newbern
- Length: 5 hrs and 22 mins
- Unabridged
-
Overall
-
Performance
-
Story
Here's what started the phenomenon: This book has been a best seller for over 15 years and has been used by screenwriters around the world! Blake Snyder tells all in this fast, funny, and candid look inside the movie business. Save the Cat is just one of many ironclad rules for making your ideas more marketable and your script more satisfying.
-
-
Don't waste your time
- By Amazon Customer on 02-05-20
By: Blake Snyder