Social Identity Theory

Whether we aspire to become the best lawyer or charity worker, life partner or celebrity influencer, we emulate exemplars that exist in the world – hoping it will bring us happiness. But this often leads to a complex game of envy and pride. In Against Identity, philosopher Alexander Douglas seeks an alternative wisdom. Searching the work of three thinkers – ancient Chinese philosopher Zhuangzi, Dutch Enlightenment thinker Benedict de Spinoza, and 20th Century French theorist René Girard – he explores how identity can be a spiritual violence that leads us away from truth.

The intention of this book is to open up a space for reflection and awareness of some aspects of the vast topic of female psychology, romantic relationships, and regaining your personal power by opening your heart to yourself. The central focus is the subconscious dynamics of female spirituality and the basic male and female archetypes, along with their strengths, fears, and possibilities. This understanding is valuable in order for every partner to become a complete personality who can accept their strengths, as well as their shadow aspects—those that we hide from ourselves.