History Italy Fascism

Focusing mostly on Italy and Germany but also considering Spain, Romania, Japan, and movements in other countries, Payne describes fascism as revolutionary ultranationalism based on national rebirth, extreme elitism, mass mobilization, and the promotion of violence and military virtues. He also suggests that the early Russian communists borrowed many techniques from fascism, and that though we are fairly well-inoculated against fascism itself, the values it represents could still emerge in new forms.

In the aftermath of the First World War, the seeds of fascism were sown in Italy. While the country reeled in shock, a new movement emerged from the chaos: one that preached hatred for politicians and love for the fatherland; one that promised to build a ‘New Roman Empire’, and make Italy a great power again.

In 1945, post-fascist Italy was devastated by war, and its reputation in the international arena was nil. Yet by December 1955, when Italy was admitted to the United Nations, the nation had contested three acrimonious but free general elections, had a flourishing press, and was a leader in the rebuilding of Europe.

From 1934 until 1944, Mussolini met Hitler numerous times, and the two developed a relationship that deeply affected both countries. While Germany is generally regarded as the senior power, Christian Goeschel demonstrates just how much history has underrepresented Mussolini's influence on his German ally. Goeschel, a scholar of 20th-century Germany and Italy, revisits all of Mussolini and Hitler's key meetings and asks how these meetings constructed a powerful image of a strong Fascist-Nazi relationship that still resonates with the general public.

Read this book for free with your Kindle Unlimited membership! If you want to find out about the events that shaped the evolution of Italy, this book is a must read. It features an outline of the most significant events, such as the birth of the Roman Empire (and the way in which this ultimately and irrevocably changed the social landscape of the peninsula), the influence of the Renaissance movement, the role of Italy in the World Wars, and much more. This book shows that what makes Italy glorious and special is actually the uniqueness of each region. Every area comes with its ...

At the end of the 1980s, when the Cold War ended, many, including former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, believed that democracy had triumphed politically once and for all. Yet nearly 30 years later, the direction of history no longer seems certain. A repressive and destructive force has begun to reemerge on the global stage - sweeping across Europe, parts of Asia, and the United States - that to Albright, looks very much like fascism.

From National Book Award finalist David I. Kertzer comes the gripping story of Pope Pius XI’s secret relations with Italian dictator Benito Mussolini. This groundbreaking work, based on seven years of research in the Vatican and Fascist archives, including reports from Mussolini’s spies inside the highest levels of the Church, will forever change our understanding of the Vatican’s role in the rise of Fascism in Europe.

Mussolini has rarely been taken seriously as a totalitarian dictator; Hitler and Stalin have always cast too long a shadow. But what was a negative judgement on the Duce, considered innocuous and ineffective, has begun to work to his advantage. As has occurred with many other European dictators, present-day popular memory of Mussolini is increasingly indulgent; in Italy and elsewhere he is remembered as a strong, decisive leader. Mussolini in Myth and Memory argues against this rehabilitation.

In the late summer of 1943, when Italy broke with the Germans and joined the Allies after suffering catastrophic military losses, an Italian Resistance was born. Four young Piedmontese women - Ada, Frida, Silvia and Bianca - living secretly in the mountains surrounding Turin, risked their lives to overthrow Italy’s authoritarian government. They were among the thousands of Italians who joined the Partisan effort to help the Allies liberate their country from the German invaders and their Fascist collaborators.

An expert on American authoritarianism offers a searing rebuke of the exceptional narrative that dominates our understanding of US history. In 12 lessons, Matthew C. MacWilliams' On Fascism exposes the divisive rhetoric, strongman tactics, violent othering, and authoritarian attitudes that course through American history and compete with our egalitarian, democratic aspirations. Trumpism isn’t new but rooted in our refusal to come to terms with this historical reality.

Members of the cosmopolitan, cultural aristocracy of Florence at the beginning of the 20th century, the Rosselli family, led by their fierce matriarch, Amelia, were vocal antifascists. As populist right-wing nationalism swept across Europe after World War I and Italy's prime minister, Benito Mussolini, began consolidating his power, Amelia's sons, Carlo and Nello, led the opposition, taking a public stand against Il Duce that few others in their elite class dared risk.

Il 9 febbraio 1944 il "Corriere della Sera" diede la notizia dell'arresto di Indro Montanelli, accusato di avere scritto articoli diffamanti sul regime fascista, che in quel momento si trovava sul punto di raggiungere il gruppo partigiano guidato da Filippo Beltrami. Incarcerato insieme alla moglie Maggie a San Vittore, a Milano, il 14 agosto riuscì a fuggire in Svizzera.

Fascism is notoriously hard to define. How do we make sense of an ideology that appeals to streetfighters and intellectuals alike? That is overtly macho in style, yet attracts many women? That calls for a return to tradition while maintaining a fascination with technology? And that preaches violence in the name of an ordered society? In the new edition of this Very Short Introduction, Kevin Passmore brilliantly unravels the paradoxes of one of the most important phenomena in the modern world

Dopo oltre settant'anni dalla caduta del fascismo, mai come ora l'idra risolleva la testa, soprattutto su Internet, ma non solo. Frasi ripetute a mo' di barzelletta per anni, che parevano innocue e risibili fino a non molto tempo fa, si stanno sempre più facendo largo in Italia con tutt'altro obiettivo. E fanno presa. La storiografia ha indagato il fascismo e la figura di Mussolini in tutti i suoi dettagli e continua a farlo. Il quadro che è stato tracciato dalla grande maggioranza degli studiosi è quello di un regime dispotico, violento, miope e perlopiù incapace.

A personal and urgent examination of Fascism in the 20th century and how its legacy shapes today’s world, written by one of America’s most admired public servants, the first woman to serve as US secretary of state. A Fascist, observes Madeleine Albright, 'is someone who claims to speak for a whole nation or group, is utterly unconcerned with the rights of others, and is willing to use violence and whatever other means are necessary to achieve the goals he or she might have.'

بينيتو أندريا موسوليني حاكم إيطاليا ما بين 1922 و1943 شغل منصب رئيس الدولة الإيطالية ورئيس وزرائها وفي بعض المراحل وزير الخارجية والداخلية. وهو من مؤسسي الحركة الفاشية الإيطالية وزعمائها، سمي بالدوتشي أي القائد من عام 1930م إلى 1943. يعتبر موسيليني من الشخصيات الرئيسية المهمة في خلق الفاشية.

Quando Mussolini tiene il primo discorso alla Camera da Capo del Consiglio, dopo la Marcia su Roma (è il 16 novembre 1922, la Marcia ha avuto luogo tra il 28 e il 31 del mese precedente), Emilio Lussu, deputato del Partito Sardo d'Azione, è in ospedale a Cagliari, vittima di un'aggressione fascista, ma riesce ugualmente a fornirne un resoconto illuminante. Mussolini può ormai giocare coi parlamentari come il gatto con il topo: li può calpestare con una sola zampata, e lo dice loro, ma può anche non farlo, se essi saranno buoni. Molti in effetti lo saranno.

Lo Stato fascista è studiato qui nei suoi meccanismi essenziali. I cambiamenti e le continuità che lo caratterizzano: nei ministeri, nei nuovi enti pubblici, nel rapporto contraddittorio fra centro e periferia. E in primo piano il nuovo soggetto che ambiguamente penetra nello Stato e al tempo stesso se ne lascia penetrare, statalizzandosi: il Partito fascista.

Il fascismo pretese di erigere un nuovo Stato, ma riutilizzò abbondantemente in chiave fascista elementi e residui dello Stato liberale. Autoritario e dittatoriale, concentrò il potere pubblico, ma accettò anche la sua pluralizzazione. Eliminò libere elezioni, creò un surrogato della rappresentanza politica, si valse di organizzazioni satelliti, ma ricorse ad amministrazioni parallele per gestire la crisi economica.

Cosa si puo dire di Benito Mussolini che non sia gia stato detto? È possibile raccontare la sua parabola politica, dagli esordi come socialista e anarchico alla sua trasformazione in accanito interventista, dalla costituzione dei Fasci di combattimento alla tragica evoluzione in dittatore e all'epilogo in piazzale Loreto? Marco Lucchetti - esperto di storia militare - analizza, attraverso 101 episodi più o meno noti della vita del duce, non soltanto la sua vicenda personale, ma anche le radicali trasformazioni subite dall'Italia durante il Ventennio.