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In the current war in Ukraine, there is likely no other topic that would be both so important and so wildly misunderstood as the issue of the Russian economy. The importance is quite obvious - without a functioning economy, Russia wouldn't be able to finance the war. But in terms of how the economy is actually doing and how will it do in the future, that’s much less clear - and the views range from Russian economy being an unstoppable juggernaut with sanctions only making it stronger to the Russian economy collapsing since the first day of the war - neither of which are actually accurate. After all, most people are not economists and this is largely an unprecedented situation.

And so, I decided to speak with someone who both knows more about this than anyone else and who is able to give a very pragmatic and objective view of where we stand: an expert on the Russian economy Janis Kluge, from the German Institute for International and Security Affairs. And so in this conversation, we talk about how the Russian economy is actually doing. How long can Russia actually afford to finance the war, what kind of economic damage it would take to force to rethink its plan for Ukraine and whether that is likely to happen, whether the Russian economy is overheating and what does that really mean or what would happen if the war ends and the money stops flowing into the economy - and whether the Russian government can afford that.

This is a conversation with Mujtaba Rahman. Mij is what you would call an insider of European politics. He leads the European section of the Eurasia Group and a big part of his job is to know what is going on behind the scenes, not just what you can read in the news but what European leaders really think, say and do when there are no cameras. And so it was a perfect opportunity to dive deep into European politics.

We talked about whether Europe has a strategy for what do with Ukraine and Russia, what do European leaders really think about Donald Trump behind closed doors and how are they already preparing for Europe without the U.S. Or how likely is it that anti-establishment politicians in France, UK or Germany will dominate elections in the coming years and completely turn all those policies upside down. I think it’s a fascinating conversation and it’s always a pleasure to talk to someone who knows so much.

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This is a conversation with Anschel Pfeffer, a veteran journalist and the correspondent for the Economist based in Israel. And in this conversation, we talk about two things. About Israel’s changing foreign policy - why is it growing increasingly expansionist, how has it fundamentally changed since the October 7th, whether Israel will attack Iran, why the Israeli military is starting to be dangerously overstretched or why the Trump-Netenyahu bromance is already over.

But before we get to that, we dive quite deep into what’s increasingly shaping Israel’s foreign policy - its domestic political crisis, growing societal polarization and what Anschel calls an "existential crisis".

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This is a conversation with Justin Bronk - a military aviation expert and a Senior Research Fellow at RUSI. We dive deep into the recently revealed American and Chinese 6th generation fighter jets - how will they change warfare and who's ahead in this race for air dominance, and whether Europe and Russia could catch up.

And how other technologies like collaborative combat aircraft - basically swarms of drones flying together with planes piloted by humans - are going to change what air combat has looked like for decades.

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This is a conversation with Professor Sarah C.M. Paine—one of the sharpest minds on grand strategy and on how great powers rise and fall. We talk about why Russia, China, and even the U.S. often misunderstand their own strengths, repeat the same strategic mistakes, and ultimately sabotage themselves from within. If you want to understand why grand strategy fails, and what that means for the next decade of global competition, this one’s worth your time.

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This is a conversation with Mark Galeotti - a Russia expert and one of the most respected and interesting voices to listen to when it comes to anything Russian. In this conversation, we talk about the ongoing U.S.-Russian negotiations - whether Putin would actually accept a peace deal, what do Russian want to actually get out of it and why are they able to manipulate their American counterparts. And also, why 2026 will be a very painful year for Russia or why the Russian sabotage campaign in Europe might backfire.

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This is a conversation with Edward Arnold, a Research Fellow at RUSI and one of the clearest voices on European defense today. For decades, Europe’s security has relied on the assumption that the United States would always be there to lead, to help, and to fight if needed. But that assumption is quickly eroding and regardless of who sits in the White House, it’s becoming clear that Europe will have to rely more on itself.

In this conversation, I wanted to explore what that actually means in practice. I asked Ed three big questions: First, what’s broken in Europe’s current defense architecture that prevents it from standing on its own? Second, what would a credible, self-reliant European defense actually look like? And third, what kinds of reforms and political will would be needed to get there and whether we are on the right path.

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This is a conversation with Keir Giles, one of the leading experts on Russia and European security, and a senior consulting fellow at Chatham House. Keir has spent decades studying Russia, its military strategy, and how Europe has responded - or failed to respond - to the growing threat from the East.

In this episode, I wanted to explore three main questions: First, how grave and imminent the Russian threat to Europe actually is. Second, whether Europe is truly prepared for war if it comes to that. And third, what happens if the U.S. pulls back from European defense and Europe has to fend for itself.