Norway has more than 700 named fjords, attracting tourists from all over the world. But what is a fjord? What goes on under the surface? In this episode of the Bjerknes Centre's podcast, Natalya Gallo discusses fjords in a changing environment with fellow researchers Elin Darelius, Agnes Weiner and Martine Røysted Solås.

How do changes in the water influence fish and other creatures? What can the past tell us about the years to come? Can the future of the fjords be predicted?

Natalya Gallo is a biologist and a researcher at NORCE and the Bjerknes Centre. Elin Darelius is a physical oceanographer and a professor at the Geophysical Institute at the University of Bergen, and the Bjerknes Centre. Agnes Weiner is a paleoclimatologist and a researcher at NORCE and the Bjerknes Centre. Martine Røysted Solås is a biologist and researcher at the Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Bergen, and the Bjerknes Centre.

In the latest episode of the Bjerknes Podcast, experts debate the future of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), a crucial component of the global climate system. Listen to colleagues discussing the AMOC in a measured and thoughtful manner.

There is an ongoing debate among scientists regarding the potential collapse or slowdown of the AMOC. Both scientific support and contrasting views can be found among colleagues at the Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research. In this new episode of the Bjerknes Climate Podcast, host Stephen Outten discusses these two viewpoints with Andreas Born and Marius Årthun.

Eivind Heldaas Seland og Kikki Kleiven har skrevet bok om klimahistorie. Her forteller de om middelalderens varmeperiode, om temperaturfallet under den lille istiden og om hvordan klimakriser har skapt både stagnasjon og nye idéer.

Eivind Heldaas Seland er professor i historie ved Universitetet i Bergen. Kikki Kleiven er direktør ved Bjerknessenteret for klimaforskning og førsteamanuensis ved Universitetet i Bergen.

Phd-student Edson Silva at the Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center is talking with our host Stephen Outten, Senior researcher at the Nansen center, about one of the newest tools in our predicting arsenal, an algae bloom predictor. Trained on the coast of north Norway, it can be a great support for managing our costs, but it can be retrained for usage anywhere.

Support and editing by Ingjald Pilskog, associate professor at Western Norway University of Applied Sciences.

In Bergen mid-March, the climate festival Varmere, våtere, villere (Warmer, wetter, wilder) filled three floors in Bergen over three days, for talks and debates on climate change and necessary solutions.

Devyn Remme, PhD Candidate, at the Center for Climate and Energy Transition (CET), University of Bergen, works in research of the social and environmental consequences of the transition to electric cars from a global perspective.

At the festival she was in the "Around the World with Climate Science" to talk about her research and experience as a climate researcher. She joins host Ingjald Pilskot in the festival podcast booth.

In Bergen mid-March, the climate festival Varmere, våtere, villere (Warmer, wetter, wilder) filled three floors in Bergen over three days, for talks and debates on climate change and necessary solutions.

Vandhna Kumar, postdoctoral fellow at the Geophysical Institute (GFI) and the Bjerknes Centre for Climate research, is from Fiji, and works in the OceanStates project at the University of Bergen.

At the festival she was in the "Around the World with Climate Science" to talk about her experiences from climate change in Fiji, and motivated her to become a climate scientist. She joins host Ingjald Pilskot in the festival podcast booth.

Oxygen is important for the living creatures in the deep ocean. When global oceans warm, some processes lead to less oxygen in the deep. This somewhat scary trend is what Rachael Sanders investigate in her work in the project O2Ocean.

In Bergen, mid-March, the climate festival Varmere, våtere, villere (Warmer, wetter, wilder) filled a 3-floored house in Bergen over three days, for talks and debates on climate change and necessary solutions.

Rachael Sanders, postdoctoral fellow at NORCE and the Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research was at stage with a talk on the breathing ocean and the oxygen situation in the world oceans today.

As the global oceans warms, there are processes driving change in the ocean interior. As we know warmer water can hold less gas, the ocean takes up less oxygen from the surface. We also know, that the oceans warms, it get more stratified, and not so much waters – with fresh oxygen is transported into the deep ocean.

– In this project, I look at trends within climate change. This is very interesting, but also scary, Sanders admits in the podcast.

Listen to an interesting conversation with podcast host Ingjald Pilskog, on chemical oceanography from the Southern ocean surrounding the Antarctica, to the North Atlantic in a specific cold anomaly episode in 2015.

And finally, please remember that the Bjerknes Climate Podcast is a scienctist-to-scientist talk – so be prepared for some specialized knowledge!