
Biology: Transcription
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How is DNA converted into RNA?
In this episode, we continue our conversation in molecular biology by focusing on the first stage of the Central Dogma: transcription. We explore this process in tremendous detail⎯from the unique proteins involved in initiation, elongation, and termination to the many ways transcription differs between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Part 1: Overview
- Transcription
- RNA vs. DNA
- Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases
Part 2: Initiation
- The Prokaryotic Promoter: the -35 Sequence and the Pribnow Box
- The Eukaryotic Promoter: the TATA Box
- Open and Closed Complexes
- The Preinitiation Complex
- Transcription Factors
Part 2: Elongation
- The Transcription Bubble
- The Template and Non-Template Strand
Part 3: Termination
- Prokaryotic Termination: Rho-Dependent and Rho-Independent
- Eukaryotic Termination and the Polyadenylation Signal Sequence
- Processivity
Part 4: Eukaryotic Post-Transcriptional Modification
- Introns, Exons, and Splicing
- Alternative Splicing
- The 5' Cap
- The Poly(A)-Tail